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Myth: "ENIAC was the first programmable computer"
Awesome? Yes. But the first? Not even close.
April 12, 2024
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What was the first programmable computer?

An historically significant, yet simple question... right?  Considering how important computing was, in the 20th century, you'd think we should be able to provide a consistent, difinitive answer to that question.

And, yet, if you ask most sources... they'll get it wrong.

Go a head.  Ask almost any source, "What was the first programmable computer?".  Most of them will give you the same answer.  The ENIAC.

Case in point, here's Google:

Not quite, Google.

And, just for good measure, Bing:

Wow.  Bing seems convinced!

We could go through examples of sources getting this wrong all day long -- from encyclopedias to AI chatbots... to people on Twitter who "totally know about computers".

Instead, let's debunk this myth right now:

The ENIAC was not the first programmable computer.

And the proof is simple.  Here is a chronological list of some notable, early (successful) efforts at building a programmable computer.

  • 1938 - Z1
  • 1940 - Z2
  • May 12, 1941 - Z3
  • 1942 - Atanasoff-Berry Computer
    • Note: Not Turing complete
  • Dec, 1943 - Colossus Mark 1
    • Note: Not stored program
  • Jun 1, 1944 - Colossus Mark 2
    • Note: Not stored program
  • Aug 7, 1944 - Harvard Mark I (Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator)
  • Dec 10, 1945 - ENIAC

Even if we fully discount the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (often known simply as "ABC"), due to it not being fully programmable (and not Turing complete)...

And, even if we discount both of the Colossus machines (Mark 1 and Mark 2) because neither of them were stored program computers (meaning programs needed to be entered manually, via switches, each time the computer ran)...

That still leaves the Z1 (1938), Z2 (1940), & Z3 (1941, all built by Konrad Zuse) and the Harvard Mark I (fist operational in 1944, designed by Howard Aiken) as being fully functional prior to the ENIAC.

Which means that -- at best -- the ENIAC was the fifth functional, programmable computer.  And that's being more than a little generous to the ENIAC (because, honestly, I think we should include the Colossus machiens in there as well... bumping ENIAC down to 7th place).

The ENIAC was still pretty awesome

None of this takes away from the significance of the ENIAC -- it was a grounbreaking machine, moving away from many of the electromechanical components of computers like the Harvard Mark 1.  The result was a significant boost in speed, and significant design changes.

The ENIAC.  Awesome, right?

And, perhaps that is one reason why this myth -- that the ENIAC was the first programmable computer -- has persisted as long as it has.

  • The Harvard Mark 1 and the Zuse machines all had some amount of mechanical parts... the ENIAC moved over almost entirely to electronic parts.
  • The earlier Colossus computers were also electronic... but did not have stored programs.  The ENIAC did.

The tenacity of this myth may also simply be due to the fact that ENIAC had some fantastic PR.

Either way, while the ENIAC was -- clearly -- not the first programmable computer (nor the first digital or electronic computer)... it was still... very, very cool.

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Tea App Clone Exposes Driver’s Licenses
Last month the Tea App exposed 60 GB of personal data (including the government ID of users). Now a clone "TeaOnHer" App did the exact same thing. The future is stupid.

Last month, we saw the massive data breach of the “Tea App” — a smartphone app for women to talk about men they don’t like — resulting in over 60 GB of personally identifiable data leaked out to the public. Stuff like selfies and pictures of drivers licenses.

Well, it didn’t take long for a “TeaOnHer” App to appear — with the same basic functionality, except this time for men to talk about women they don’t like.

 

And, of course, the developer of “TeaOnHer” made the same basic mistake that the “Tea App” made: They permanently stored a ton of personal information. Including, once again, divers licenses.

You can already see where this is going.

Driver’s Licenses Everywhere

Almost as soon as the “TeaOnHer” app went live, writers for TechCrunch went looking to see if they could easily access any of that data. Because wouldn’t that be crazy if a copy-cat app made the exact same kind of security mistakes as the app it was copying?

What TechCrunch found was that it took no more than around 10 minutes for them to begin accessing pictures of drivers licenses of user accounts.

 

10 minutes!

With a bunch of the usual suspects of bad security being involved: unprotected file storage (in this case, Amazon), public API documentation, and a lack of secured API calls.

Now, unlike the “Tea App” breach — which resulted in massive archives of personal data published all over the web — it isn’t known if these vulnerabilities actually resulted in significant data archives getting out there in the wild.

But, as the writers at TechCrunch put it, “The bugs were so easy to find that it would be sheer luck if nobody malicious found them before we did.”

There’s a Lesson Here… But it Won’t Be Learned

Sure, this “hack” of the “TeaOnHer” App was easy — as was the hack of the “TeaApp” before it. Both of those systems were comically insecure.

But, the reality is, no complex online system is truly secure.

Have a website or App which stores (and publishes) user data? It can be hacked.

And, if there is sufficient interest in obtaining whatever data is being stored, not only can it be hacked… but it will be hacked.

The HaveIBeenPwned site, alone, has documented close to 15 Billion (with a B) accounts which have not only been breached… but reported and (often) made available in some way.

 

And that 15 Billion is only the breached accounts which we know about.

Anyone who works in IT can tell you that the vast majority of data breaches are never discovered. And the majority of those which are discovered… are never disclosed publicly.

Considering that the current population of the Earth is roughly 8 Billion, it’s safe to assume that every single adult on Earth, with an Internet connection, probably has several breached accounts already.

With the frequency, and size, of such data breaches increasing.

Should these Tea Apps have had better security? You bet your tuchus. From the looks of things neither developer spent any significant time trying to implement even the most basic security precautions.

For Pete’s sake, at least try to slow the hackers down a little.

But the real problem here is not the total lack of security — even “good” security can (and will) be overcome.

No.

The real problem is the type of data being permanently stored, in an Internet accessible way, by these services. If a service is likely to be breached (and any significant service is), a key goal is to limit the amount of data which a hacker can gain access to.

Here are a few good rules of thumb when dealing with data being stored on an Internet accessible server:

  • Do not store any more data, at any given moment, than is 100% necessary.

  • If previously stored data is no longer needed, delete it. Completely. Not “flagged” for deletion. Actually deleted.

  • Whatever data you are storing should be encrypted whenever possible.

  • If sensitive personal data absolutely must be stored, for legal and regulatory reasons, consider physical archives stored in a secure location instead of an Internet connected server.

  • And, of course, don’t use unprotected (or barely protected) “cloud” file storage like the numbskull developers of these “Tea” apps did. That never ends well.

Simple guidelines which, if followed, could significantly reduce the negative impact of inevitable data breaches.

But, of course, few online services — big or small — will follow such guidelines. They will continue expanding the quantity of data they store on increasingly complex systems.

Which means we’ll see more and more data breaches — containing an ever increasing amount of personal data.

Welcome to the future.

The stupid, stupid future.

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Linux Foundation’s New Banned Words: Hung, Pow-wow, & Sanity Check
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences, Netflix, Apple, & Intel teamed up with The Linux Foundation to say "don't use HUNG when talking about software."

The Linux Foundation has announced the release of a new “Inclusive Language Guide” — which adds a handful of new words you are not allowed to say.

And it’s even more ridiculous than you might expect.

 

This new “Inclusive Language Guide” is designed to “drive a more diverse, equitable, and inclusive culture” (read: DEI) and to replace “offensive language” with “acceptable language”.

Past iterations of the “Inclusive Language Guide” included “Socially Charged” words such as “Master / Slave”, “Black / White”, and even “Owner”.

This new revision officially adds “Pow-wow” to that list of death-causing words.

 

Of course, any “gendered language” remains firmly off limits. “Manpower”? Can’t say that. And definitely don’t use “gendered” pronouns like “he” or “she”.

Doing so is literally genocide.

 

Which brings us to my favorite new additions (to the “Ableist” and “Violent” language sections of the list).

  • Sanity Check

  • Dummy

  • Hung

That’s right. You can’t use the word “hung” anymore.

 

I deleted 3 different titles for this story containing the word “hung”. They were all very entertaining and very inappropriate. I would like credit for the restraint I am showing right now.

As crazy, insane, and abnormal (see what I did there?) as this list of “bad” words is… what’s even stranger is the group behind it.

This is a joint project between The Linux Foundation and — wait for it — the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences. Yes. The one that produces the Oscars.

 

The two organizations teamed up to create the Academy Software Foundation.

Which, apparently, ran out of worthwhile things to work on… and, instead, chose to add “hung” to a “don’t use this word in the software industry” list.

That organization also worked with the Alliance for OpenUSDanother Linux Foundation Project — to publish this list.

 

Who, exactly, is responsible for making all of this happen at the Alliance for OpenUSD?

Pixar, Nvidia, Adobe, Autodesk, and Apple.

 

And the leadership over at the Academy Software Foundation includes companies like Netflix, Sony, Adobe, Intel, Microsoft, and Epic Games.

 

Right about now you may be wondering why Epic Games and Amazon is so worried about you using the word “hung”.

I don’t have an answer for you.

It’s weird.


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