Lunduke
News • Science & Tech
Remember when Apple built a Mac OS running on top of Solaris and HP-UX? Seriously. It happened.
Macintosh Application Environment for Unix -- from back in 1994.
November 01, 2023
post photo preview

In the 1990s, Microsoft developed software (Internet Explorer, Windows Media Player, and Outlook Express) for both Solaris and HP-UX — which brought a small dash of “Windows-y-ness” to UNIX-land.

But did you know that Apple brought the entire Mac System 7 to Solaris and HP-UX?

It’s true! First released in 1994 — and discontinued in 1998 — it was called “Macintosh Application Environment”. And it really-really works!

Note: The “Macintosh Application Environment” is not A/UX, Apple’s UNIX system for some of their 68k Macintoshes. Two totally different beasts. Apple has had a lot of toes in the UNIX waters for quite some time.

If you have a Sun SPARCstation (running Solaris 2.4) or an HP UNIX workstation (HP-UX 9 or 10)… you can run an entire Mac System 7.x instance… right within it’s own X window. With the ability to copy and paste text (and graphics) between Mac applications and UNIX applications.

Check it out. This is the screenshot that Apple, itself, used to promote this crazy beast.

That screenshot is using CDE (Common Desktop Environment), which was de-facto on Solaris and HP-UX back in those days.

But, technically, there’s no reason the Macintosh Application Environment (MAE) can’t be run under other desktop environments on top of either system. In fact, here’s a screenshot of MAE booting on Solaris… running the GNOME desktop.

This comes from a recent Twitter thread of someone showing off their SPARCstation… running Macintosh Application Environment. With a bunch of pictures.

Before we go any further… we need to take a detour over to Apple.com.

Not Apple.com nowadays… Apple.com from back when the final version of the Macintosh Application Environment was released — 1997. And, not really “Apple.com”, per se. But “MAE.Apple.com.”

Here — I kid you not — is what that glorious website looked like.

Ok. Seriously. There’s a lot of fascinating information here. How Apple handled the demo version. The prominent 1-800 number listings. But… But… WHAT IN THE WHAT.

Zoom in. Upper left quadrant. ENHANCE!

Holy Sumo wrestler in a tu-tu, Batman!

That, right there, is what we call a decision.

Someone was working on this website at Apple, back in the late 1990s, and was thinking to himself, “I got it. I know just what this website for the Macintosh Application Environment for UNIX needs.”

Powerful stuff.

I was pretty on-the-fence about this whole MacOS-on-UNIX thing. But then I saw this sumo wrestler. In a tutu. Wearing a tiara. And, well, that really — Holy cow, is he on a skateboard? Yep. He’s on a skateboard.

Well. That settles it. This is the coolest thing to grace Apple.com. Ever.

*ahem* Where were we? Ah. Yes.

So. How does all this work?

Is it a virtual machine? Yes. Yes it is. Mostly.

Courtesy the MAE 3.0 Whitepaper

It is, essentially, a 68040 emulator with a Mac ROM and System 7.5.3 sitting on top of it. Though, it’s performance — thanks partially, I think, to that wonderfully named “Mac/UNIX Scaffolding” chunk there in the middle — was quite reasonable.

Side Note: I worked for HP back in the late ‘90s, supporting HP-UX and other UNIX workstations. Only ever saw one machine with the MAE in use. But I recall thinking that it wasn’t the fastest Macintosh you could use at the time… but it wasn’t the slowest, either. Which I found impressive.

This system, by the end, was pretty doggone powerful. You could copy/paste between the Mac “virtual machine”…. and UNIX software. And you could access all of your UNIX partitions from the Mac side.

Thanks… you know… to the “scaffolding”.

From the Macintosh Application Environment Administrator’s Manual. (Thanks Archive.org!)

Note the toolbar along the bottom to provide some extra UNIX integration features.

Snippet from the MAE 3.0 Whitepaper

Oh! And check out the detailed breakdown of memory usage.

How awesome would it be if software nowadays shipped with details about memory usage like that? “We use this many MB for this code over here… and another X MBs for the graphics buffers…”

That should be a thing!

Also… Only 24 MB of RAM! Total! Ah, those were the days! The 90s were awesome.

Supposedly even AppleTalk works, at least according to the User Manual (which is different than the Administrator’s manual).

Installing MAE was a decidedly old-school, UNIX-y affair. All in the terminal, baby!

Screenshot courtesy of this archived website.

And here’s the About screen for the demo version of the very first release:

”The virtual Macintosh for Open Systems”… love that.

A screenshot of the trial version… because it amuses me. That HUGE 1-800 banner along the bottom of the window. It just takes up so much space. And simply seeing a 1-800 on screen, in an application window, is almost jarring. You just don’t expect to see that anymore.

MAE 2.0 screenshot which I found over here.

You know. Worth pondering on… This was 1994. In context, here are other things that came to pass in 1994:

  • Linux hit version 1.0.

  • Windows 95… was not out yet.

The idea of being able to run a SPARCstation or HP-UX box… and have a full Mac inside it (essentially)… during a time dominated by Windows 3.1… sounds pretty darned amazing.

Oh. Oh! Check this out.

There was a time when Apple has email mailing lists. That is the MAE User list. And Apple published the archives for people to search. I tell ya. Was a different time at Apple.

A couple final, parting thoughts:

  • This is Apple making, selling, and supporting running a version of the Mac operating system… on non-Apple hardware.  Even hosted on non-Apple software!

  • That sumo wrestler in the tutu.  That... that is something.

community logo
Join the Lunduke Community
To read more articles like this, sign up and join my community today
6
What else you may like…
Videos
Podcasts
Posts
Articles
Will The Linux Foundation Purchase Chrome?

The courts are primed to force Google to sell Chrome, & Google is preparing by setting up a "Chrome" organization within The Linux Foundation.

00:23:56
Stick it to Big Tech. Support The Lunduke Journal.

No ads. No corporate money. No Big Tech influence. Support the last bastion of truly independent Tech Journalism.

I've extended the discounts through end of day Wednesday (Jan 15th), because I totally forgot to make a show letting people know about them. My bad. So I extended the deal by a day.

Details on the discounts:
https://lunduke.locals.com/post/6555011/last-24-hours-55-off-drm-free-mp4s-discounted-lifetime-subscriptions

00:15:28
January 11, 2025
Massive Memory Leaks in System76's Cosmic Desktop (Written in "Memory Safe" Rust)

Plus: Hyprland developer weighs in, "No, I don't think it's beta ready :P"

00:09:23
November 22, 2023
The futility of Ad-Blockers

Ads are filling the entirety of the Web -- websites, podcasts, YouTube videos, etc. -- at an increasing rate. Prices for those ad placements are plummeting. Consumers are desperate to use ad-blockers to make the web palatable. Google (and others) are desperate to break and block ad-blockers. All of which results in... more ads and lower pay for creators.

It's a fascinatingly annoying cycle. And there's only one viable way out of it.

Looking for the Podcast RSS feed or other links? Check here:
https://lunduke.locals.com/post/4619051/lunduke-journal-link-central-tm

Give the gift of The Lunduke Journal:
https://lunduke.locals.com/post/4898317/give-the-gift-of-the-lunduke-journal

The futility of Ad-Blockers
November 21, 2023
openSUSE says "No Lunduke allowed!"

Those in power with openSUSE make it clear they will not allow me anywhere near anything related to the openSUSE project. Ever. For any reason.

Well, that settles that, then! Guess I won't be contributing to openSUSE! 🤣

Looking for the Podcast RSS feed or other links?
https://lunduke.locals.com/post/4619051/lunduke-journal-link-central-tm

Give the gift of The Lunduke Journal:
https://lunduke.locals.com/post/4898317/give-the-gift-of-the-lunduke-journal

openSUSE says "No Lunduke allowed!"
September 13, 2023
"Andreas Kling creator of Serenity OS & Ladybird Web Browser" - Lunduke’s Big Tech Show - September 13th, 2023 - Ep 044

This episode is free for all to enjoy and share.

Be sure to subscribe here at Lunduke.Locals.com to get all shows & articles (including interviews with other amazing nerds).

"Andreas Kling creator of Serenity OS & Ladybird Web Browser" - Lunduke’s Big Tech Show - September 13th, 2023 - Ep 044

OpenMandriva Report

I switched my secondary computer over to OpenMandriva and it seems that I'm the one stumbling onto all of the bugs. Don't get me wrong, I'm excited by having a distro made by people who guarantee that I don't have walk on egg shells around them.

So far:

  • Headphones are never detected. They work fine in KDE's speaker test but all apps remain muted.
  • A bunch of packages can't be installed due to depending on old, unavailable libraries (Ansible got fixed which is nice)
  • NeoVim forces use of the TreeSitter plugin but doesn't come with TreeSitter's Lua plugin so editing NeoVim's init.lua results in a screen full of error messages
  • Can't rebuild Lazarus with different plugins (this is a common problem across distros)

EDIT: How many bugs can I report in a row without it turning into harassment.

Everybody knows there are 8 Hobbits in a Hobbyte.

Except for the Buchholz Hobbyte which has 6 Hobbits.

Or the Dooley Hobbyte only holding 4 Hobbits.

Fun fact: A group of 4 Hobbits is also called a “Nibble”. A term coined by Orcs at Intel.

https://lunduke.locals.com/upost/5599596/who-really-created-the-byte

post photo preview
post photo preview
Last 24 Hours: 55% off DRM-Free MP4s, & Discounted Lifetime Subscriptions

Holy guacamole, Batman! We are now over 80% of the way to our funding goal… for the end of February. And it’s not even half way through January! I am absolutely gobsmacked.

Want to help push us over the 100% line — and directly fund the truly independent Tech Journalism of The Lunduke Journal?

Lots of options. Big and small (and all amazingly helpful). Scroll down & choose whatever works best for you.

Lunduke Journal Discounts

For the next 24-sh hours (through Tuesday, January 14th), in addition to regular subscriptions, you can grab two limited discounts:

  1. Discounted Lifetime Subscriptions (details below)

  2. DRM-Free, MP4 Downloads for 2024 & 2025 (combined) for 55% off.

There many ways to support The Lunduke Journal. Choose the option that makes you smile. It’s all listed below.

Where to grab a Monthly or Yearly Subscription:

Lifetime Subscription Details:

  • Pay once, full subscription for life (on Locals, Substack, or both).

  • Available only through Tuesday, January 14th. Then the Lifetime Subscription option goes “back in the vault”.

  • Can be purchased via Locals, Substack, or with Bitcoin. Scroll down for steps.

Where to buy a DRM-Free, MP4 video yearly download pass:

Want to be able to download every show The Lunduke Journal releases (and watch them on whatever device you like)? Yeah. You can do that.

The Famous Lifetime Subscription via Locals

The "World Famous Lunduke Journal Lifetime Subscription" is exactly what it sounds like. Pay once and get full access to The Lunduke Journal (with all the perks of subscription on Locals). For life.

New Lifetime Subscriptions are available, for $200, from now through January 14th. Then this option goes "back into the vault".

Here's how to grab one of these coveted bad boys for yourself:

  1. Go to Lunduke.Locals.com/support.

  2. Select "Give Once".

  3. Enter "200" into the amount field.

  4. After checking out, Lunduke will toss you an email once your account is set to full lifetime status. (This usually happens within a few hours.)

The Famous Lifetime Subscription via Substack

You can also snag a Lifetime Subscription via Substack:

  1. Go to Lunduke.Substack.com/subscribe.

  2. Select the “Lifetime Subscription” option.

  3. After checking out, Lunduke will toss you an email once your account is set to full lifetime status. (This usually happens within a few hours.)

If you would like full, Lifetime access to Lunduke.Locals.com (which is included):

  1. Make a free account on Lunduke.Locals.com.

  2. Email “bryan at lunduke.com” with the email address you use on both Substack and Locals (can be different email addresses).

  3. Lunduke will toss you an email once your account is set to full lifetime status on Locals.

The Famous Lifetime Subscription (with Bitcoin discount)

And, finally, you can obtain a Lifetime Subscription via Bitcoin. Save a few bucks with this option, as Bitcoin processing has fewer fees associated with it.

  • Make sure you have a Lunduke.Locals.com account (a free account works just fine).

  • Send $190 worth of Bitcoin (or more) to the following address:

bc1qyjakve8fywm8pz2v99v57yhjj0vzr2vjze6fcq

  • Email "bryan at lunduke.com" with the following information: What time you made the transaction, how much was sent (in Bitcoin), and the email address you use (or plan to use) on Locals.com.

Nice and easy. Lots of options.

Once again, thank you. The Lunduke Journal would not be possible without your support.

You rule.

-Lunduke

Read full Article
January 12, 2025
Discounted Lifetime Subs, 55% Discount on MP4 Downloads for 2 Days

The Lunduke Journal remains 100% free from advertising… and, even more importantly, 100% free from all Big Tech influence.

And, because we never take a penny from any company, this is only possible thanks to you.

All of you amazing nerds showed tremendous support for The Lunduke Journal last month — grabbing Lifetime and standard subscriptions — meeting our necessary funding requirements for January… before January even started.

Mind. Blown.

This allows me to focus on new reporting — without needing to worry so much about funding and “business stuff” during the month. Which means more shows & more investigations. A massive win for all of us.

That also means that, this month, we don’t need to do a big “fundraiser”. Instead, we’re going to just send out this quick reminder of how absolutely critical your support is for the continued success The Lunduke Journal — the last bastion of truly independent Tech Journalism.

Seriously. Couldn’t do this without you.

Scroll down and take a look at the options. See if any jump out at you. Then give yourself a high five for making Tech Journalism that much more awesome.

Lunduke Journal Discounts

For the next 2 days (through Wednesday, January 15th), in addition to regular subscriptions, you can grab two limited discounts:

  1. Discounted Lifetime Subscriptions (details below)

  2. DRM-Free, MP4 Downloads for 2024 & 2025 (combined) for 55% off.

There many ways to support The Lunduke Journal. Choose the option that makes you smile. It’s all listed below.

Where to grab a Monthly or Yearly Subscription:

Lifetime Subscription Details:

  • Pay once, full subscription for life (on Locals, Substack, or both).

  • Available only until Wednesday, January 15th. Then the Lifetime Subscription option goes “back in the vault”.

  • Can be purchased via Locals, Substack, or with Bitcoin. Scroll down for steps.

Where to buy a DRM-Free, MP4 video yearly download pass:

Want to be able to download every show The Lunduke Journal releases (and watch them on whatever device you like)? Yeah. You can do that.

The Famous Lifetime Subscription via Locals

The "World Famous Lunduke Journal Lifetime Subscription" is exactly what it sounds like. Pay once and get full access to The Lunduke Journal (with all the perks of subscription on Locals). For life.

New Lifetime Subscriptions are available, for $200, from now through January 15th. Then this option goes "back into the vault".

Here's how to grab one of these coveted bad boys for yourself:

  1. Go to Lunduke.Locals.com/support.

  2. Select "Give Once".

  3. Enter "200" into the amount field.

  4. After checking out, Lunduke will toss you an email once your account is set to full lifetime status. (This usually happens within a few hours.)

The Famous Lifetime Subscription via Substack

You can also snag a Lifetime Subscription via Substack:

  1. Go to Lunduke.Substack.com/subscribe.

  2. Select the “Lifetime Subscription” option.

  3. After checking out, Lunduke will toss you an email once your account is set to full lifetime status. (This usually happens within a few hours.)

If you would like full, Lifetime access to Lunduke.Locals.com (which is included):

  1. Make a free account on Lunduke.Locals.com.

  2. Email “bryan at lunduke.com” with the email address you use on both Substack and Locals (can be different email addresses).

  3. Lunduke will toss you an email once your account is set to full lifetime status on Locals.

The Famous Lifetime Subscription (with Bitcoin discount)

And, finally, you can obtain a Lifetime Subscription via Bitcoin. Save a few bucks with this option, as Bitcoin processing has fewer fees associated with it.

  • Make sure you have a Lunduke.Locals.com account (a free account works just fine).

  • Send $190 worth of Bitcoin (or more) to the following address:

bc1qyjakve8fywm8pz2v99v57yhjj0vzr2vjze6fcq

  • Email "bryan at lunduke.com" with the following information: What time you made the transaction, how much was sent (in Bitcoin), and the email address you use (or plan to use) on Locals.com.

Nice and easy.

Once again, thank you. The Lunduke Journal would not be possible without your support.

You rule.

-Lunduke

Read full Article
January 09, 2025
post photo preview
The House of Lunduke BBS
Telnet: BBS.LUNDUKE.COM

The House of Lunduke BBS is a 20 node, Telnet BBS (bbs.lunduke.com) focused on the golden age of DOS BBS gaming -- including TradeWars 2002 and Legend of the Red Dragon.

 

 

The BBS is free to use, & creating an account takes only a moment.  All new users are granted 2 hours of access to all games on the system (more than enough to get in your daily turns of every one of these classic games).

Current games on the BBS:

  • TradeWars 2002 (aka TW2002)
  • Legend of the Red Dragon (aka LORD)
  • Legend of the Red Dragon 2
  • The Pit
  • Exitilus
  • DoorMUD
  • Barren Realms Elite

 

How to Connect

 

Accessing The House of Lunduke BBS is incredibly easy.  Simply point any Telnet client at "bbs.lunduke.com" on port 23 (the default Telnet port).

This means, on many systems, a simple:

telnet bbs.lunduke.com

Will, technically, work.

However, if you want to have the absolute best experience -- and see what BBSing was truly like back in the 1980s and 1990s -- you'll want to use a Telnet client capable of displaying ANSI color... specifically one tuned for BBSes.

The following Telnet clients are all recommended and work well with The House of Lunduke:

Once you have chosen your Telnet client, simply add "bbs.lunduke.com" to your address book and connect.  Or, from within some Telnet clients, you can also type "atdtbbs.lunduke.com" (no spaces).

Fun fact: "ATDT" is a command which tells an old-school modem to "tone dial this number".  The "AT" stands for "Attention", "D" stands for "Dial", and ending T stands for "Tone".  In the old days ATDT would be followed by a phone number... but, since we're connecting via Telnet, we now use a domain.

Or, if you want to get really old-school, it is possible to utilize DOSBox and an era appropriate terminal client (such as Telemate).

 

 

F.A.Q.

 

Q: What software does The House of Lunduke BBS run?

A: The core BBS software is known as Virtual Advanced (a successor to VBBS), a DOS-based BBS package that acheived some popularity during the early 1990s.  All of the games on the system (known as "Door games" in BBS terminology) also run on DOS -- and each is the most popular version (or the last version) of each.  A Telnet server handles incoming telnet connections -- which then interfaces with the DOS-based BBS software, using what is known as a FOSSIL driver.

 

Fun Fact: A FOSSIL driver is a serial interface driver -- which makes it easier to use a standard interface to multiple different communication devices (such as a type of dial-up modem or a Telnet connection).  FOSSIL stands for "Fido Opus SEAdog Standard Interface Layer".  Which is a fun name.

 

Q: What does "20 node" mean?

A: In "ye olden times", BBSes used modems and phone lines.  One person, at a time, could call a BBS on each phone line.  Each of these is a "node".  We are now living in the future -- and using Telnet instead of phone lines -- which means that, in theory, we could have a small mountain of people connecting at the same time.  However.  Since we are using 1980s and 1990s DOS software, jury-rigged to work with the modern Internet, some of those old limitations still apply.  20 nodes were chosen as that makes for an incredibly large BBS system... but not too difficult to manage.

 

Q: Why not use a more modern BBS server?

A: There are several "modern" BBS servers -- with many fancy benefits.  MysticBBS, Synchronet, and others.  The House of Lunduke BBS is not about being modern.  Or fancy.  It is about preserving a snapshot of a high-point in BBS gaming history.

Read full Article
See More
Available on mobile and TV devices
google store google store app store app store
google store google store app tv store app tv store amazon store amazon store roku store roku store
Powered by Locals